In this two-part series, we focus on the advanced standard for communication between automation devices in buildings. The previous part described the supported networks and object model. This second and final part describes the service system and tools for ensuring the interoperability of devices from different manufacturers.
Building Automation and Control network (BACnet) is network protocol specifically designed for automation and control of technologies in buildings. Typical applications include heating, ventilation, air conditioning, lighting, access control and fire detection. It provides standardized framework for organizing and sharing information between networked control devices [1, 2]. Interoperability is provided through object model of information items and their properties and associated services. Flexibility is provided by a range of supported networking options from serial line to Ethernet and internet connection. However, BACnet does not guarantee interchangeability of products from various vendors and every controller or other product may require vendor-specific programming and configuration tools.
The article largely copies the fourth chapter of the book Transport infrastructure management in context, which was recently published by VŠLG o.p.s. in Přerov. The entire book captures the links between the construction of transport infrastructure, its management and traffic operations in a unique way. All mentioned pillars of the book are described in an economic context with a focus on many information contexts.
IT systems in companies are often incompatible and their data communication is very complicated. A unified, integrated operating environment ensures real online communication not only of technological devices, but also technology for quality monitoring, systems for order planning, service and maintenance, as well as energy management.
The constantly evolving environment of industrial companies, influenced by the advent of new technologies, also affects maintenance. The aim of this paper is to present the possibility of managing maintenance with the help of an information system. Its functionalities allow the implementation of all strategies, i. e., in addition to corrective and planned maintenance, it also uses preventive diagnostic maintenance.
Starting from January 1, 2023 (in the Czech Republic), on the basis of § 4, paragraph 1 of Decree No. 264/2020 Coll., on the energy efficiency of buildings, it is necessary for buildings or zones with cooling, humidity control or electricity production to calculate the energy efficiency of the building with an interval of one hour. The subject of the article is an approximation of the basic specifics of the hourly step of calculation and a comparison of the results of the calculation and the assessment of energy intensity in the monthly and hourly step of calculation according to the requirements of the applicable legislation.
The paper focuses on the experimental verification of the use of CO2 as a tracer gas for the detection of leakages in air handling systems, instead of the widely used tracer gas of sulphur hexafluoride (SF6), which is subject to legislative restrictions. Verification of the applicability of CO2 is accompanied by the definition of measurement uncertainties.
This paper discusses the feasibility of long-term monitoring using modern sensors and systems. New technologies are making long-term monitoring more accurate simpler and more successful. Currently there are many buildings that are monitored for a long time with its subsequent condition assessment, and thanks to the installed sensors and systems it has been possible to detect hidden and emerging defects and damages. Based on the current condition of the structure, it has been possible to carry out timely repairs or maintenance of the building which ultimately saves economic and time costs for the building, ensures safety and increases the life and durability of the building.
Mobile laser scanning (MLS) is currently commonly used in many surveying applications. The refinement of MLS point clouds is usually done by increasing the number of control points (CP) equally distributed within the mapped area. The accuracy of point clouds can also be improved by multiple passes of the mobile mapping system (MMS). This paper deals with the proposal of a suitable procedure by which it would be possible to remove local deformations of MLS point clouds. The proposed approach is based on the comparison of point clouds from multiple MMS passes. Additional CPs are then added to the places where the more significant differences between the point clouds.
Alternative energy sources are gradually taking a growing share in the worldwide production of electricity. Solar power is perhaps the easiest to implement and least expensive, its use is not too complicated and can you can easily experiment with it even in a small scale. It is easily accessible to anyone interested in environmentally friendly production of energy. To get started with it, it is just enough to buy one solar panel with a few additional components, and place it on a sufficiently sun-lit place and the production of energy can begin. Certainly, an interesting idea for users is that after the initial investment the system for several years basically doesn't have any requirements, and that it will produce energy for free.
A solar panel (photovoltaic panel or module) is a part of several interconnected solar units with a usual output of around 300W, which generated an voltage corresponding to the multiple voltages of the interconnected individual units. The source of higher outputs consisting of several interconnected solar panels is usually referred to as a solar power plant.
The paper describes special types of fiber optic point sensors based on FBG (Fiber Bragg Grating) and FP (Fabry-Perót) structures. First part of the paper deals with principle of FBG and FP and their exposition. Next part is focused on different types of FBG and FP sensors and principle of interrogation units. Finally practical examples of use are listed.
The paper deals with special types of sensors that use optical fibers to measure various non-electrical quantities. The introduction describes the principle of light transmission in optical fibers and their applications. Main part is focused on fiber-optic sensors and their dividing. Special attention is paid to the distribution sensory systems and their practical application.
The article is intended for all clients (contracting authorities) who would like to choose a quality BIM contractor for their future project. It is based on the experience of implemented tenders (small-scale public contracts) and procurement procedures pursuant to Act No. 134/2016 Coll. on Public Procurement, as amended (“PP”). The article is an introduction to the system of qualitatively oriented selection of the BIM model contractor and related outputs – i.e. 2D drawing, quantity take-off, etc. This article applies to the Czech law.
Today, technical support is an essential part of services related to the sale of products, heating technologies, including other parts of the HVAC area. It has a pre-sale, sales and post-sale form. For those who need to use support, they are intended in the article of the said advice. At the same time, however, companies that introduce support can learn or inspire changes that have already been implemented.
The article deals with an acceptability assessment of a building extension from the point of view of daylighting in the case when daylighting of a neighbouring building is obstructed not only by the extended building but also by balcony and wing belonging to the neighbouring building. The results are confronted with the provisions of the Czech Standard ČSN 73 0580-1 and the Prague Building Regulations.
In this article, we focus on fundamental element of primary protection – detection devices for registering the rise of hazardous concentrations of gases and vapors. We have chosen and described for each type of device and kind of detected gas basic tests that are necessary for ensuring their correct and reliable function.
The paper deals with the problem of optimal sizing of battery-powered hybrid power systems for HV extraction installations, where electricity consumption diagrams are available and it can be assumed that the nature of the operation will not change when photovoltaic technology is installed with battery storage. This is a difficult task, as each installation is specific to its nature of consumption, energy prices, location and investor requirements. The article outlines how to solve this problem by using the numerical optimization methods implemented in MicrOpt Design, the use of which is shown in a specific example.
